Although this will repair the defect, unfortunately it cannot reverse any nerve damage. Treating hydrocephalus Surgery is usually needed if your child has hydrocephalus excess fluid on the brain. Further surgery may be needed if: the shunt becomes blocked or infected the child grows out of the shunt and needs a larger one Read about treating hydrocephalus and complications of hydrocephalus. Physiotherapy Physiotherapy is an important way of helping someone with spina bifida to become as independent as possible.
Occupational therapy Occupational therapy can help people find ways to carry out everyday activities and become more independent. Mobility aids People who are unable to use their legs at all will usually need a wheelchair. Leg braces, splints and other walking aids can be used by people who have weak leg muscles.
Treating bone and joint problems Further corrective surgery may be needed if there are problems with bone development, such as hip dislocation or club foot a deformity of the foot and ankle. Treating bladder problems Many people with spina bifida have problems controlling their bladder. Treatments for bladder problems include: antibiotics — lifelong antibiotics are sometimes needed to help prevent kidney and urinary infections medicines — that help relax the bladder so it can store more pee urinary catheterisation — an intermittent urinary catheter is usually needed to drain pee from the bladder several times a day to help prevent infection bladder surgery — may involve enlarging the bladder so it can hold more pee, or connecting the appendix to the bladder and making an opening in the belly so that a catheter can be used more easily Read more about urinary incontinence.
Treating bowel problems Bowel problems, particularly constipation , are often a problem for people with spina bifida. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version.
Diagnosis If you're pregnant, you'll be offered prenatal screening tests to check for spina bifida and other birth defects. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references What is spina bifida? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed Aug. Spina bifida fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Routh JC, et al. Design and methodological considerations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention urologic and renal protocol for the newborn and young child with spina bifida.
Journal of Urology. Ferri FF. Spina bifida. In: Ferri's Clinical Advisor Elsevier; Bowman RM. Pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of myelomeningocele spina bifida. Mayo Medical Laboratories. Mayo Clinic; Fetal spina bifida surgery. Overview of the management of myelomeningocele spina bifida. Dietary supplement fact sheet: Folate. Office of Dietary Supplements.
Shepard CL, et al. Pregnancy among mothers with spina bifida. Journal of Pediatric Urology. Swaroop VT, et al. Orthopedic issues in myelomeningocele spina bifida. Moise KJ Jr. When this happens, the spinal cord stretches as a person grows, which can permanently damage the spinal nerves.
The person might have back pain, scoliosis crooked spine , leg and foot weakness, changes in bladder or bowel control, and other problems.
A tethered spinal cord can be treated with surgery. People affected by spina bifida get around in different ways. These include walking without any aids or assistance; walking with braces, crutches or walkers; and using wheelchairs. People with spina bifida higher on the spine near the head might have paralyzed legs and use wheelchairs. Those with spina bifida lower on the spine near the hips might have more use of their legs and use crutches, braces, or walkers, or they might be able to walk without these devices.
Regular physical activity is important for all people, but especially for those with conditions that affect movement, such as spina bifida. CDC recommends 60 minutes of physical activity a day. There are many ways for people with spina bifida to be active.
For example, they can:. Hip Function external icon. Early Intervention Programs for Infants and Toddlers. People with spina bifida often cannot control when they go to the bathroom incontinence. They also can develop urinary tract infections. It is important to develop a plan for going to the bathroom that works and is as simple as possible. This can lead to increased health, participation, and independence, and avoid embarrassment for people with spina bifida.
Healthcare providers can help develop a plan for each person. This is a mild type of spina bifida. It does not cause any disabilities and may go unnoticed until later in life. In this type, there is no damage to the spinal cord or the nerves. The symptoms of spina bifida are different for each type. They can also vary from person to person within each type. All of the exact causes of spina bifida are not specifically understood.
However, it involves a combination of genetics and environmental factors. A child born with spina bifida may not have any relatives with the condition, even though genetics play a factor. For children, treatment focuses on determining the extent of symptoms and disabilities as they develop and preventing those that can be prevented.
Childhood is also the time for parents and medical staff to instill a positive attitude toward treatment and management to help the child develop a positive outlook. By adulthood, the majority of symptoms and disabilities are known. Coping mechanisms, medications, therapies, and any walking aids are normally in place. Many children with spina bifida grow up to attend college and have careers.
Some also live independently. However, ongoing medical issues can develop throughout the life of a person with spina bifida. Further, some people with more severe disabilities may struggle socially due to stigma and have difficulty finding careers that will fit with their disabilities. However, a good support network can help ease the negative effects. The treatment for spina bifida will be different for each person because symptoms and severity can vary.
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