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Find New Products Knives. Only sworn employees who have received training from the MPD Training Unit are authorized to use neck restraints:. Conscious Neck Restraint: The subject is placed in a neck restraint with intent to control, and not render the subject unconscious, by only applying light to moderate pressure. Unconscious Neck Restraint: The subject is placed in a neck restraint with the intention of rendering the person unconscious by applying adequate pressure.
On a subject who is exhibiting active resistance in order to gain control of the subject; and if lesser attempts at control have been or would likely be ineffective. Neck restraints shall not be used against subjects who are passively resisting as defined by policy.
After a neck restraint or choke hold has been used on a subject, sworn MPD employees shall keep them under close observation until they are released to medical or other law enforcement personnel. An officer who has used a neck restraint or choke hold shall inform individuals accepting custody of the subject, that the technique was used on the subject. Thus, some agencies in the United States addressed the issues of chokeholds in policy and training as well as carotid holds.
It should be noted that the Minneapolis policy which authorized the use of legs and contemplated putting pressure on one side of the neck is unique in the experience of these authors. All law enforcement neck restraint systems configure the arms in order to protect the trachea and the airway. Similar to the medical disagreement on positional and compression asphyxia, there has also been disagreement by medical experts, particularly with respect to deaths from carotid blood flow holds. For example, some law enforcement groups have cited to scientific research that indicates that the vascular neck restraint is a valuable law enforcement tool and is not dangerous.
For example, in , the Arizona Troopers Association wrote:. For the first time, a scientific research team has used modern technology to confirm just how a vascular neck restraint works to produce unconsciousness. The findings emphatically refute assertions that this valuable control technique is inherently dangerous and potentially lethal. Jamie Mitchell. By contrast, an anecdotal presentation by Doctor Bill Smock, the Police Surgeon for the Louisville Metropolitan Police Department, Smock pointed to a number of dangers and cases associated with carotid restraints including numerous cases where officers were significantly injured in training.
By way of example there are a handful of cases where a police canine has bitten a subject and they die, however the courts have ruled that this is not deadly force because a lot of suspects are bitten by police dogs but most do not die, thus there is not a substantial likelihood of serious bodily harm or death. Lyons, U. Lyons, who brought a lawsuit alleged that 4 officers and the City of Los Angeles alleging the officers had used a bar arm control hold or carotid-artery-control hold or both on him rendering him unconscious and causing damage to his larynx.
The Federal District Court had granted Mr. Lyons a preliminary injunction which ordered the Los Angeles Police Department to stop using these tactics unless deadly force was justified. The U. Supreme Court noted that since Mr. Lyons had filed his claim five deaths had occurred in Los Angeles leading the chief of police to prohibit the bar-arm chokehold in any circumstance and the Board of Police Commissioners place a six month moratorium on the use of the carotid restraint unless deadly force was justified.
The Court did not rule on whether a carotid restraint or a chokehold was unconstitutional, but instead decided that Mr. Lyons could not show a likelihood that he would be subjected to such a tactic by the LAPD in the future and therefore he lacked standing to receive an injunction. Valenzuela v. City of Anaheim , U. The law enforcement involvement was prompted by a call to by a woman who reported that a man, later identified as Valenzuela, and who was acting strangely had followed her mother, Ms.
Moya home. It was reported to officers that this suspicious subject was at the corner of Magnolia and West Broadway in Anaheim. Anaheim officers Jun and Wolfe responded. The court described the interaction between the officers and Valenzuela as follows:. The officers parked the patrol car in the laundromat parking lot and walked inside. He had plenty of time. As both officers walked toward Valenzuela, they heard what they believed was a glass methamphetamine pipe breaking.
You break a pipe or something? Valenzuela seemingly did not respond. See id. Wolfe testified that he became concerned Valenzuela might be armed because of the glass pipe he purportedly heard break and the screwdriver he observed. Wolfe asked Valenzuela to stop reaching into his bag and ordered him to put his hands behind his back.
When Valenzuela did not comply, Wolfe grabbed his right arm and started to pull it behind his back. Valenzuela then pulled away and the three of them fell to the floor of the laundromat.
Still on the ground, Jun attempted to control Valenzuela using a neck restraint hold. The parties dispute the type of hold that Jun used. The purpose of this hold is to restrict blood flow to the brain so that the subject temporarily loses consciousness.
Based on the video footage, Valenzuela seems to have difficulty breathing and his face appears to turn purple. Valenzuela again escaped, running toward the laundromat parking lot.
The struggle continued in the laundromat parking lot. Valenzuela then fled from the officers, this time across several lanes of traffic on Magnolia Avenue. Now across the street, Valenzuela continued to flee the officers through several commercial parking lots.
The officers repeatedly attempted to grab him with no success. Jun kicked him once in the shin. Wolfe then got on top of Valenzuela and attempted to roll him onto his stomach. The parties again dispute the type of restraint hold that Wolfe proceeded to apply. Wolfe believes that much of that time was spent getting in position.
Although you may feel normal shortly after the incident, attempted strangulation can cause very serious medical problems. Some of the side effects of strangulation might not show up for hours or even days after the attack. If you are pregnant, attempted strangulation can have an impact on the baby fetus. You should be evaluated by your doctor, immediately. Paying attention to, and documenting, changes in your signs and symptoms can be critical to determine the nature and scope of your injuries.
Find out more, here. Note: You may have experienced serious injuries, even if you do not have any visible signs.
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